"CARING FOR WIDOWS PART IIII"
Notes
Transcript
Why does Paul spend so much time on the topic of widows?
Within the church at Ephesus the false teachers has had a major influence on the women specifically the widows - telling them that they are being taken advantage of. Telling the widows things like you can do whatever you want the church will take care of you.
Proposition - We will conclude our 4 week study on caring for widows. We will be answering two questions today: 1) when are widows to be cared for by the church? and 2) When are widows not to be cared for by the church?
Interrogative question - As a Church family how are we doing at caring for our widows?
The glaring question that remains is - When does the church have the responsibility to take care of the widows?
We find this answer in verses 9-16 -
When are widows to be cared for by the church? - vs. 9-10
When are widows to be cared for by the church? - vs. 9-10
1 Timothy 5:9–10 (NASB95)
9 A widow is to be put on the list only if she is not less than sixty years old, having been the wife of one man,
“is to be put on the list” - (katalego) - verb, present, passive, imperative, third person, singular - finite verb - enroll; put on a list
Sense: to be enrolled - to be or become registered formally as a participant or member.
This is the only time that this Greek word is used in the NT.
Sixty years of age
“than years old” - (etos) - noun, genitive, plural, neuter - comparative genitive - year
Sense: year - a period of time consisting of 12 months; whether lunar or Roman months is uncertain.
This word is used in the following texts - The word sixty is used 7 times in the NT and 50 times in the OT
Matthew 13:8 (NASB95)
8 “And others fell on the good soil and yielded a crop, some a hundredfold, some sixty, and some thirty.
Matthew 13:23 (NASB95)
23 “And the one on whom seed was sown on the good soil, this is the man who hears the word and understands it; who indeed bears fruit and brings forth, some a hundredfold, some sixty, and some thirty.”
Mark 4:8 (NASB95)
8 “Other seeds fell into the good soil, and as they grew up and increased, they yielded a crop and produced thirty, sixty, and a hundredfold.”
Mark 4:20 (NASB95)
20 “And those are the ones on whom seed was sown on the good soil; and they hear the word and accept it and bear fruit, thirty, sixty, and a hundredfold.”
1 Timothy 5:9 (NASB95)
9 A widow is to be put on the list only if she is not less than sixty years old, having been the wife of one man,
Revelation 11:3 (NASB95)
3 “And I will grant authority to my two witnesses, and they will prophesy for twelve hundred and sixty days, clothed in sackcloth.”
Revelation 12:6 (NASB95)
6 Then the woman fled into the wilderness where she had a place prepared by God, so that there she would be nourished for one thousand two hundred and sixty days.
“Wife” - (gyne) - noun, nominative, singular, feminine - predicate nominative - woman; wife
Sense: wife - a married woman; a man’s partner in marriage -
Use of the Greek word throughout the book of 1 Timothy -
“wife”
2 An overseer, then, must be above reproach, the husband of one wife, temperate, prudent, respectable, hospitable, able to teach,
12 Deacons must be husbands of only one wife, and good managers of their children and their own households.
9 A widow is to be put on the list only if she is not less than sixty years old, having been the wife of one man,
“Women”
9 Likewise, I want women to adorn themselves with proper clothing, modestly and discreetly, not with braided hair and gold or pearls or costly garments,
10 but rather by means of good works, as is proper for women making a claim to godliness.
11 Women must likewise be dignified, not malicious gossips, but temperate, faithful in all things.
“Woman”
11 A woman must quietly receive instruction with entire submissiveness.
12 But I do not allow a woman to teach or exercise authority over a man, but to remain quiet.
14 And it was not Adam who was deceived, but the woman being deceived, fell into transgression.
“of one man”
Use of the word “man” throughout the book of 1 Timothy -
“Husband”
2 An overseer, then, must be above reproach, the husband of one wife, temperate, prudent, respectable, hospitable, able to teach,
12 Deacons must be husbands of only one wife, and good managers of their children and their own households.
“man”
12 But I do not allow a woman to teach or exercise authority over a man, but to remain quiet.
9 A widow is to be put on the list only if she is not less than sixty years old, having been the wife of one man,
“Men”
8 Therefore I want the men in every place to pray, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and dissension.
10 having a reputation for good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work.
“Having a reputation” - (matyreo) - verb, present, passive, participle, singular, nominative, feminine - attributive participle - testify; bear witness
Sense: to be testified - to be solemnly asserted by firsthand authentication; often concerning grave or important matters.
Used the following ways in 1 Timothy
“Testified”
1 Timothy 6:13 (NASB95)
13 I charge you in the presence of God, who gives life to all things, and of Christ Jesus, who testified the good confession before Pontius Pilate,
“Having a good reputation”
1 Timothy 5:10 (NASB95)
10 having a reputation for good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work.
“works” - (ergon) - noun, dative, plural, neuter - prepositional object - work; deed
Sense: duty - work that a person is obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons.
Use of the word in 1 Timothy -
“work”
1 Timothy 2:10 (NASB95)
10 but rather by means of good works, as is proper for women making a claim to godliness.
1 Timothy 3:1 (NASB95)
1 It is a trustworthy statement: if any man aspires to the office of overseer, it is a fine work he desires to do.
1 Timothy 5:10 (NASB95)
10 having a reputation for good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work.
1 Timothy 6:18 (NASB95)
18 Instruct them to do good, to be rich in good works, to be generous and ready to share,
“deeds”
1 Timothy 5:25 (NASB95)
25 Likewise also, deeds that are good are quite evident, and those which are otherwise cannot be concealed.
“good” - (kalos) - adjective, dative, plural, neuter - attributive adjective - good
Sense: good (moral) - of moral excellence.
1 Timothy 1:8 (NASB95)
8 But we know that the Law is good, if one uses it lawfully,
18 This command I entrust to you, Timothy, my son, in accordance with the prophecies previously made concerning you, that by them you fight the good fight,
3 This is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Savior,
7 And he must have a good reputation with those outside the church, so that he will not fall into reproach and the snare of the devil.
4 For everything created by God is good, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with gratitude;
6 In pointing out these things to the brethren, you will be a good servant of Christ Jesus, constantly nourished on the words of the faith and of the sound doctrine which you have been following.
10 having a reputation for good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work.
25 Likewise also, deeds that are good are quite evident, and those which are otherwise cannot be concealed.
12 Fight the good fight of faith; take hold of the eternal life to which you were called, and you made the good confession in the presence of many witnesses.
13 I charge you in the presence of God, who gives life to all things, and of Christ Jesus, who testified the good confession before Pontius Pilate,
18 Instruct them to do good, to be rich in good works, to be generous and ready to share,
19 storing up for themselves the treasure of a good foundation for the future, so that they may take hold of that which is life indeed.
One man women
Model’s Christlike behavior
Raised Children
“she has brought up children” - (teknotropheo) - verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular - finite verb
Sense: to rear (bring up) - to look after and care for a child until it is an adult
This is the only time that this Greek phrase is used -
Showed hospitality
“If” - (ei) - conjunction, adverbial conditional - conditional subordinate clause - if; whether; that
The Lexham Syntactic Greek New Testament Glossary conditional subordinate clause
conditional subordinate clause: A subordinate clause used to express a condition under which the main verbal action occurs.
“She has shown hospitality to strangers” - (xenodocheo) - verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular - finite verb - show hospitality
Sense: to entertain (a guest) - to receive as a specified guest (for lodging); often referring to providing hospitality for strangers.
Serves people
“the saints” - (hagios) - adjective, genitive, plural, masculine - substantival adjective - holy; holy one
Sense: holy one (person) - a person who is morally pure though possibly not to the exclusion of ritual purity.
“she has washed” - (nipto) - verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular - finite verb - wash
Sense: to rinse - to wash off with water
John 13:5–14 (NASB95)
5 Then He poured water into the basin, and began to wash the disciples’ feet and to wipe them with the towel with which He was girded. 6 So He came to Simon Peter. He said to Him, “Lord, do You wash my feet?” 7 Jesus answered and said to him, “What I do you do not realize now, but you will understand hereafter.”
8 Peter said to Him, “Never shall You wash my feet!” Jesus answered him, “If I do not wash you, you have no part with Me.” 9 Simon Peter said to Him, “Lord, then wash not only my feet, but also my hands and my head.” 10 Jesus said to him, “He who has bathed needs only to wash his feet, but is completely clean; and you are clean, but not all of you.”
11 For He knew the one who was betraying Him; for this reason He said, “Not all of you are clean.” 12 So when He had washed their feet, and taken His garments and reclined at the table again, He said to them, “Do you know what I have done to you?
13 “You call Me Teacher and Lord; and you are right, for so I am. 14 “If I then, the Lord and the Teacher, washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet.
“those in distress” - (thilbo) - verb, present, passive, participle, plural, dative, masculine - substantival participle - oppress; afflict
Sense: to be caused to be distressed - to be brought into difficulties or distress or suffering.
“she has assisted” - (eparkeo) - verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular - finite verb - help; aid
Sense: to help (assist) - to give help or assistance; be of service
The only times that this word is used is in this section about widows in 1 Timothy 5.
10 having a reputation for good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work.
16 If any woman who is a believer has dependent widows, she must assist them and the church must not be burdened, so that it may assist those who are widows indeed.
“she has devoted herself to” - (epakoloutheo) - verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular - finite verb - follow; follow after
Sense: to adhere - to follow after - to adhere, conceived of as diligently following the course of another.
“follow”
20 And they went out and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them, and confirmed the word by the signs that followed. And they promptly reported all these instructions to Peter and his companions. And after that, Jesus Himself sent out through them from east to west the sacred and imperishable proclamation of eternal salvation.
20 For what credit is there if, when you sin and are harshly treated, you endure it with patience? But if when you do what is right and suffer for it you patiently endure it, this finds favor with God. 21 For you have been called for this purpose, since Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example for you to follow in His steps,
“Devoted....to”
10 having a reputation for good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work.
“follow after”
24 The sins of some men are quite evident, going before them to judgment; for others, their sins follow after.
When are widows are not to be cared for by the church? - vs. 11-13
When are widows are not to be cared for by the church? - vs. 11-13
1 Timothy 5:11–13 (NASB95)
11 But refuse to put younger widows on the list, for when they feel sensual desires in disregard of Christ, they want to get married, 12 thus incurring condemnation, because they have set aside their previous pledge.
13 At the same time they also learn to be idle, as they go around from house to house; and not merely idle, but also gossips and busybodies, talking about things not proper to mention.
“Refuse” - (paraiteomai) - verb, present, either middle or passive, imperative, second person, singular - finite verb - reject; refuse; excuse
Sense: to ask (request) - to make a request or demand something from somebody
In our text - 1 Timothy 5:11
11 But refuse to put younger widows on the list, for when they feel sensual desires in disregard of Christ, they want to get married,
23 But refuse foolish and ignorant speculations, knowing that they produce quarrels.
If they feel sensual desires - vs. 11
“they feel sensual desires” - (katastreniao) - verb, aorist, active, subjunctive, third person, plural - finite verb - be governed by strong physical desire
Sense: to indulge lustfully - to give free rein to one’s sexual desires.
Desire marriage - vs. 11
The conclusion of caring for widows - vs. 14-16
The conclusion of caring for widows - vs. 14-16
1 Timothy 5:14–16 (NASB95)
14 Therefore, I want younger widows to get married, bear children, keep house, and give the enemy no occasion for reproach; 15 for some have already turned aside to follow Satan.
16 If any woman who is a believer has dependent widows, she must assist them and the church must not be burdened, so that it may assist those who are widows indeed.